Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants produce carbohydrates by absorbing Carbondioxide, water and sunlight in the absence of chloroplast. Process in plants that liberate energy is known as Photosynthesis. Sunlight is the main source of energy for photosynthesis. Percentage of sunlight trapped by Green plants is 1% of total light fall on earth. Carbon dioxide gas is taken in by the plants during photosynthesis. Oxygen gas is given out by the plants during photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide gas given out by the plants during respiration. Oxygen gas is necessary for the plants in the process of respiration.
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of organic molecules, primarily glucose. The process takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
There are two main stages of photosynthesis: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (also known as the Calvin cycle).
1) Light-dependent reactions:
These reactions take place in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts and require light energy to occur. During these reactions, chlorophyll molecules in the thylakoid membranes absorb light energy, which is used to split water molecules into oxygen gas, protons, and electrons. The oxygen is released as a byproduct, while the protons and electrons are used to generate ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), which are energy-carrying molecules.
2) Light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle):
These reactions take place in the stroma of the chloroplasts and do not require light energy to occur. During these reactions, the ATP and NADPH generated in the light-dependent reactions are used to fix carbon dioxide (CO2) into organic molecules, mainly glucose, through a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The process is called the Calvin cycle after its discoverer, Melvin Calvin.
The rate of photosynthesis maximum in Red light. The rate of photosynthesis is minimum in Yellow light.
Overall, photosynthesis is a complex process that allows plants, algae, and some bacteria to generate the organic molecules necessary for life using the energy of sunlight. The oxygen produced by photosynthesis is essential for the survival of most organisms on Earth, as it is a key component of the atmosphere and is required for cellular respiration, the process by which organisms convert organic molecules into ATP for energy.
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